Symptoms:
3-28% of infections remain asymptomatic. Self-limited disease which usually resolves in 7-10 days characterized by fever, chills, rash, myalgias and bilateral symmetrical polyarthritis, typically in the knees, ankles, and small joints of the extremities. Photophobia, nausea and vomiting, conjunctivitis, pharyngitis, headaches and, leukopenia, lymphadenopathy may occur; laboratory findings can include thrombocytopenia (bleeding is rare), leukopenia and increased liver transaminases and serum creatinine. Fever may be biphasic. Convalescence with joint complaints is often prolonged.
Epidemiology:
Now worldwide -- Africa, Indian Ocean islands, Middle East, Asia (Indian subcontinent), Australia, SE Asia and most recently, the Americas.
Mode of transmission:
Bite by infected mosquito.
Treatment:
Symptomatic.
Primary prevention:
Mosquito bite avoidance.
Additional information:
CDC Health Information for International Travel 2020, Chikungunya, p. 182-187.
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